Commonly Used Working Fluids For Wire Cutting

Wire cutting working fluid is also known as wire cutting fluid. It is primarily used in CNC wire cutting machines, as machining tools generally require working fluids. There are mainly three types of products available on the market for users to choose from: pure oil-based, emulsified oil, and water-based fluids.

1.Pure Oil-Based
Composed entirely of mineral oils and oil-soluble substances; it is used directly without dilution with water. Examples include extreme pressure cutting oil and EDM (electrical discharge machining) fluids.

2.Emulsified Oil
Emulsified oil is a product made from base oil mixed with appropriate rust inhibitors and emulsifiers. It is blended with water in a specific ratio to form an emulsion, which provides rust prevention, cleaning, and extreme pressure properties. It is suitable for use as a coolant in metal processing and cutting operations. However, the emulsion poses certain hazards to human health and the environment.

3.Water-Based
Water-based working fluids are commonly used in EDM wire cutting today. They are formulated with 100% aqueous substances (typically soft water) and contain no mineral oil or sodium nitrite. They are oil-free, non-greasy, and can be easily washed off with water if contact occurs with the concentrated solution. These fluids are environmentally friendly, non-hazardous to humans, and do not generate oil stains or foul odors during use. They remain clean and clear, can be reused, and the waste liquid can be diluted and discharged directly. Water-based fluids offer better chip removal but may cause paint peeling on machine tools.

The differences between oil-based and water-based working fluids are compared as follows:

1.Service Life: Oil-based fluids are durable and can generally be used for 2-3 months, while water-based fluids are less durable and can only last 2-4 weeks.

2.Cost: Oil-based fluids have a lower cost, whereas water-based fluids are 2-4 times more expensive than oil-based ones.

3.Processing Effect: Water-based fluids significantly improve processing efficiency and workpiece surface finish compared to oil-based fluids.

4.Impact on Machine Tools: Water-based fluids are more likely to cause damage to machine tools and are prone to causing rust; oil-based fluids do not have these issues.

5.Cleanliness: Water-based fluids are easier to clean and leave the workspace tidy after use, while oil-based fluids are dirtier and more difficult to clean.

6.Target Users: Water-based fluids are more suitable for factories or enterprises, while oil-based fluids are mostly used in small machining shops.