Electronica CNC Wire Cut Machine

The working principle of the electronica cnc wire cut machine: the electrode wire around the barrel of the barrel along the direction of rotation of the barrel to move at a certain speed, the workpiece mounted on the machine table by the table according to a predetermined trajectory of control relative to the electrode wire to do molding movement.

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Product Introduction

一, Core principle: Electric discharge machining
Basic principle: Based on the pulse spark discharge generated when two electrodes (electrode wire and working) approach each other in an insulating working fluid (usually deionized water), the instantly generated high temperature (up to 10000 ℃ or above) melts and vaporizes the local metal material, thereby corroding the material.

Wire cutting "feature: using a continuously moving thin metal wire (usually molybdenum wire, copper wire, or galvanized wire) as the tool electrode (negative electrode). This wire moves like a "saw blade" according to a predetermined CNC trajectory to cut the workpiece (positive electrode).

Non contact machining: There is always a small discharge gap (usually several micrometers to tens of micrometers) between the electrode wire and the workpiece, without direct contact, so there is almost no macroscopic cutting force.

二, Core components
1.Bed and mechanical structure:

Bed/frame: Provides rigidity and stability to ensure machining accuracy.

X/Y-axis worktable: carries the workpiece and performs precise CNC motion (servo motor driven ball screw/linear motor) in the horizontal plane to determine the cutting contour.

2.Z-axis/U/V axis:

Z-axis: Usually used to adjust the height of the upper guide wire nozzle to accommodate workpieces of different thicknesses.

U/V axis: (high-end machine or taper cutting machine) used for the upper guide wire nozzle to make small range movements independent of the X/Y axis in the horizontal plane, achieving taper cutting and complex three-dimensional shapes.

Wire feeding system:

Wire storage tube: Wrap the electrode wire and drive it to move back and forth at a constant or variable speed (slow wire) or in one direction (fast wire).

3.Guide wheel/wire guide: Accurately guide the electrode wire, maintain its position and tension.

Tensioning mechanism: maintains a constant tension on the electrode wire during the machining process.

Conductive block: Conducts the current of a high-frequency pulse power supply to a moving electrode wire.

Wire guide nozzle: located above and below the workpiece, it accurately locates the position where the electrode wire passes through the workpiece, which is crucial for machining accuracy and stability. The upper and lower guide wire nozzles can be independently controlled (U/V axis) to achieve taper.

4.Pulse power supply system:

Generate high-frequency, high-energy pulse currents (usually using transistors or RC pulse power supplies).

Accurately controlling discharge parameters (pulse width, pulse interval, peak current, voltage, etc.) directly affects machining speed, surface roughness, and electrode wire loss.

5.Numerical Control System:

Core Brain: Receive machining programs (G-code) generated by CAD/CAM software.

Motion control: precise control of the linkage of X, Y, U, and V axes.

Power control: Real time adjustment of discharge parameters based on machining status (such as gap voltage), optimizing machining efficiency and quality (adaptive control).

Human machine interface: Operator inputs parameters, monitors processing status, and performs fault diagnosis.

6.Working fluid system:

Working fluid tank: stores working fluid (deionized water or specialized emulsion).

Pump: Transport the working fluid to the processing area.

Filtering system: Remove the corrosion products (metal particles) and impurities generated by discharge, maintain the cleanliness and insulation performance of the working fluid (especially for slow-moving wires).

Deionization device: (essential for slow wire running) continuously reduces the electricity of the working fluid

1.Quality Management System Certificate

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