Sinker EDM Machines
With the development of technology and the continuous progress and maturity of technology, sinker Edm machines have been widely used in industries such as aviation, electronics, automobiles, and light industry.
- Product Introduction
Sinker EDM (Numerical Control EDM) Product Introduction
1, Overview and Definition
Sinker EDM, In Chinese, it is commonly referred to as an electric discharge forming machine, a copying electric discharge machine, or a cavity electric discharge machine. It is the most classic form of EDM technology.
Core definition: It is a machining method that uses pre formed three-dimensional electrodes complementary to the final required cavity shape of the workpiece, and "replicates" complex three-dimensional geometric shapes on the workpiece through the principle of electric discharge.
2, Working principle and processing process
1. Preparation work:
Workpiece: typically made of conductive materials such as mold steel, hard alloys, etc., installed in a working tank filled with dielectric fluid (usually highly refined kerosene).
Electrode: Based on the designed cavity of the product, conductive materials such as graphite or copper are used to pre manufacture its three-dimensional shape through equipment such as machining centers or graphite engraving machines.
2. Clamping and alignment:
Install the electrode precisely on the spindle head.
Install the workpiece on the workbench.
By using the precision positioning system of the machine tool, the relative position between the electrode and the workpiece is calibrated to the programmed starting position.
3. Processing cycle:
Servo feed: Under the control of the servo system, the spindle drives the electrode to slowly feed towards the workpiece.
Spark discharge: When the gap between the electrode and the workpiece is small to a certain extent (several micrometers to tens of micrometers), the insulation of the dielectric fluid is broken down, generating pulsed spark discharge.
Material erosion: Instantly high discharge temperatures (up to 8000-12000 ° C) cause tiny localized metals on the surface of the workpiece to melt and vaporize instantly.
Chip removal and cooling: dielectric fluid plays a key role:
Quickly cool the molten metal after discharge.
The metal particles (called "chips") that have been eroded away are washed away from the gaps through flow.
Repetitive process: The pulse power supply repeats this discharge process at a frequency of thousands to hundreds of thousands of times per second, and the servo system continuously maintains the optimal discharge gap. The electrode gradually sinks into the workpiece, ultimately forming the desired cavity.
4. Multi electrode machining:
For a high-precision cavity, multiple electrodes such as rough machining, semi precision machining, and precision machining are usually required.
Rough machining electrode: using a larger discharge energy and wider gap to quickly remove most of the material, but with a rough surface and residual size.
Precision machining electrodes: more precise in size, using less discharge energy to achieve final dimensional accuracy and smooth surface quality. Sometimes precision machining requires two or more electrodes to compensate for the wear and tear of the electrodes themselves.
During the operation process, it is inevitable to encounter some problems. So how to safely operate the sinker Edm machines? Below, I will summarize a few common safety precautions:
Operators should wear safety protective equipment correctly. A protective mask can effectively prevent working fluid from splashing into the eyes and prevent the operator from inhaling too much working fluid. It is best to wear gloves to avoid prolonged contact with working fluids.Here i advise the operators wash hands before leaving work.
Before starting the machine, the operator should first observe the amount of spark oil in the oil tank and lubricate all parts of the machine tool with oil.
During the machining process of the sinker Edm machines, the operator should promptly turn on the exhaust and ventilation equipment to avoid indoor air pollution; Of course, the operator cannot leave the machine tool for a long time. If there is something to do, the power must be turned off firstly to stop the machine tool from working.
The operator should stand on an insulated board with a voltage of over 20kV for work. When the machine tool is working, the operator should not touch the electrode tools, otherwise the operator may be injured due to electric shock. It is recommended to install a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher indoors;
When the machine tool is working, the working liquid level should be at least 40mm higher than the workpiece; In order to prevent sparks from splashing out and causing a fire, the working medium kerosene must not be mixed with other flammable liquids;
After the work is completed, firstly you should cut off the power of the control cabinet and the machine tool, then clean, wipe and lubricate the machine tool, clean the surrounding area, and keep the site clean and tidy.
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